Stage names:

Sanogawa Jûkichi I
Sanogawa Mangiku

Existence: 1690 ~ 19th day of the 7th lunar month of 1747 ^[1]

Connections:

Master: Fujikawa Shigeemon

Younger brother: Sanogawa Jûzô (Nakamura Kichiemon I)

Disciples: Sanogawa Ichimatsu I, Sanogawa Senzô, Sanogawa Jûkichi II, Sanogawa Wakamatsu, Sanogawa Fudenosuke, Sanogawa Hatsugiku, Sanogawa Mansaku

Career:

1690 ~ 1705: born in a samurai family in the city of Himeji (province of Harima). His father became a rônin at an unknown date and settled in Ôsaka. He became disciple of the actor Fujikawa Shigeemon.

1705: he took the name of Sanogawa Mangiku and made his first stage appearence in Ôsaka as a wakashugata.

11th lunar month of 1708: Mangiku played the role of Tawara Tomejirô in the kaomise drama "Ôkamado Uke Matsuri", which was produced in Ôsaka by Iwai Hanshirô II.

1st lunar month of 1713: Mangiku played the role of Komamaru in the drama "Keizu no Musume", which was produced in Ôsaka by Shinozuka Shômatsu I.

11th lunar month of 1714: Mangiku played in Ôsaka the role of Mikazuki Yaheiji in the kaomise drama "Daikoku Shinmai Dawara", which was produced by Anegawa Shinshirô I.

11th lunar month of 1715: Mangiku became wakaonnagata and played in Ôsaka at the Kado no Shibai the role of Okura in the drama "Saiwai Mochimaru Chôja", which was produced by Iwai Hanshirô III.

11th lunar month of 1716: Mangiku played in Ôsaka the role of Kinshôjo in Chikamatsu Monzaemon's drama "Kokusen'ya Gassen", which was produced by the zamoto Arashi Gosaburô for the nadai Ôsaka Kuzaemon at the Higashi no Shibai. This was the first time this play was staged in Ôsaka. Mangiku's stage partners were Sakurayama Shirosaburô I (Watônai), Takenaka Tôzaburô (Kanki), Kirinoya Gonjûrô I (Rôikkan) and Kirinami Takie (Watônai's mother).

11th lunar month of 1717: Mangiku played at the Naka no Shibai the role of Genjûrô's nyôbô Oshige in the kaomise drama "Inari Yashiki Daikoku Bashira", which was produced by the zamoto Sawamura Chôjûrô I (who played the role of Inamatsu Genjûrô).

12th lunar month of 1717: Mangiku played in the same theater the role of the keisei Yamatoya Ichinojô in the kiri kyôgen "Ôsaka Shinjû Hajimari" ^[2]; the role of Ichinojô's lover Chôemon was played by Ichiyama Sukegorô I.

Fall 1718: Mangiku went to Edo.

11th lunar month of 1718: Mangiku played 2 rôles at the Nakamuraza in the kaomise drama "Hirakana Yomeiri Izu Nikki".

Spring 1719: Chikamatsu Monzaemon's play "Sonezaki Shinjû" was performed for the first time at the Nakamuraza, starring Ichikawa Danjûrô II and Mangiku in the roles of Hiranoya Tokubê and the courtesan Tenmaya Ohatsu (Tokubê's lover).

8th lunar month of 1720: last performance of Mangiku in Edo; he performed at the Nakamuraza in the drama "Higashiyama Gin no Tsukimi".

Fall 1720: Mangiku went back to Kamigata.

11th lunar month of 1720: Mangiku played the role of Azuma no Oraku [illustration] in the kaomise drama "Daimyô Nishiki no Kusazuri", which was produced in Ôsaka by the zamoto Takeshima Kôzaemon II.

11th lunar month of 1721: Mangiku played at the Higashi no Shibai the role of Kurayama Daigaku's daughter Masaki in the kaomise drama "Tenryû Chiryû Kogane no Suzunari", which was produced by Arashi San'emon III; the role of Kurayama Daigaku was played by Osagawa Jûemon.

11th lunar month of 1722: Mangiku played at the Kado no Shibai the role of Tosa Jirô's nyôbô Enju (later Hotoke Gozen) in the kaomise drama "Shingoten Aioi no Komatsu", which was produced by Arashi San'emon III.

11th lunar month of 1723: Mangiku played at the Kado no Shibai the roles of la courtesan Sonohara and Edo no Oshige in the kaomise drama "Kogane no Hanagata", which was produced by Arashi San'emon III and celebrated the arrival in Ôsaka of the Edo star Ôtani Hiroji I.

1st lunar month of 1724: premiere at the Kado no Shibai of "Edoe Ukiyo Soga", an Edo-flavored new year drama welcoming in Ôsaka the Edo actor Ôtani Hiroji I; Mangiku played the roles of Ôiso no Tora and Tenmaya Ohatsu [more details].

11th lunar month of 1724: Mangiku played in the kaomise drama "Yomeiri Miyako no Shimadai", which was produced in Kyôto by the zamoto Ogino Umenosuke for the nadai Ebisuya Kichirôbê.

1st lunar month of 1725: Mangiku's rank in the Kyôto hyôbanki, wakaonnagata section, was jô-jô-kichi (superior - superior - excellent) [visual].

Fall 1725: Mangiku played the role of Ohatsu in Chikamatsu Monzaemon's drama "Sonezaki Shinjû", which was produced by Ogino Umenosuke at Ebisuya Kichirôbê's theater; the role of Hiranoya Tokubê was played by Iwai Hanshirô III.

11th lunar month of 1725: Mangiku became zamoto, working in Kyôto for the nadai Hayagumo Chôdayû; he produced the drama "Ôkamado Hatsumen Bako" in which he played the role of the courtesan Katsuyama.

1st lunar month of 1726: Mangiku produced the drama "Keisei Futagoyama" in which he played 3 roles.

11th lunar month of 1726: Mangiku produced at Hayagumo Chôdayû's theater the kaomise drama "Shinzô Kishi no Himematsu"; his stage partners were Ôtani Hiroji I, Bandô Hikosaburô I, Nakamura Shingorô I, Fujikawa Heikurô, Tatsuoka Someemon, Bandô Toyosaburô, Fujita Taijirô and Kirinami Onoe.

2nd lunar month of 1727: Mangiku produced in the same theater the drama "Keisei Kamakura Yama".

11th lunar month of 1727: Mangiku produced at Ebisuya Kichirôbê's theater the kaomise drama "Tônai Tarô Danjiri Roppô".

11th lunar month of 1728: Mangiku produced at Hayagumo Chôdayû's theater the kaomise drama "Daimyô Kogane no Uroko".

7th lunar month of 1729: Mangiku produced in Hayagumo Chôdayû's theater Fukuoka Yagoshirô's drama "Keisei Issôshu". The dance "Miyako Odori" was staged at the end of the program.

Fall 1729: Mangiku went to Edo for the second time.

11th lunar month of 1729: Mangiku performed at the Ichimuraza in the kaomise drama "Chôseiden Shiraga Kintoki".

5th lunar month of 1730: Mangiku played the role of the courtesan Ohatsu in the drama "Sonezaki Shinjû", which was produced at the Ichimuraza; the role of Hiranoya Tokubê was played by Ichimura Takenojô IV.

7th lunar month of 1731: Mangiku performed at the Ichimuraza in the drama "Ôzumô Fujito Genji".

Fall 1731: Mangiku went back to Kamigata.

11th lunar month of 1731: Mangiku performed in Kyôto at Miyako Mandayû's theater in the kaomise drama "Hiragana Imagawajô"; his stage partners were Nakamura Tomijûrô I, Nakamura Shingorô I, Arashi San'emon III, Yashio Ikuemon, Somenoi Hanshirô, Anegawa Chiyosaburô I and Tomizawa Montarô I.

9th lunar month of 1732: first Kabuki adaptation of Matsuda Bunkôdô and Hasegawa Senshi puppet theater drama "Dan no Ura Kabuto Gunki", which was produced in Kyôto by Sakakiyama Shirotarô I at Miyako Mandayû's theater; Mangiku played the role of Ofusa [casting].

4th lunar month of 1733: Mangiku played at the Minamigawa no Shibai the role of the courtesan Ohatsu for the last time, in the drama "Sonezaki Shinjû", which was produced by the zamoto Anegawa Chiyosaburô I; the role of Hiranoya Tokubê was played by Asao Jûjirô I.

11th lunar month of 1735: Mangiku played the role of Okatsu in the kaomise drama "Bankoku Ôshimadai", which was produced by Nakamura Tomijûrô I at Miyako Mandayû's theater.

Summer or Fall 1736: first (partial) Kabuki adaptation of the drama "Wada Gassen Onna Maizuru", which was produced at Miyako Mandayû's theater by Nakamura Tomijûrô I and was entitled "Hangaku Mon Yaburi" ('The Destruction of the Gate by Hangaku' in English); it starred Mangiku (Hangaku) and Sanogawa Ichimatsu I (Ichiwakamaru).

1st lunar month of 1739: Mangiku played in Kyôto at Kameya Kumenojô's theater the role of Oyura in the drama "Keisei Arashiyama", which was produced by Nakamura Tomijûrô I.

5th lunar month of 1741: Mangiku performed in the drama "Onna Hinin Adauchi".

Fall 1741: Mangiku went to Edo for the third time.

11th lunar month of 1741: Mangiku performed at the Nakamuraza in the kaomise drama "En'ya Hangan Kokyô no Nishiki".

1st lunar month of 1742: Mangiku played in the same theater the roles of Otaka and Mankô in the new year sogamono drama "Musume Soga Gaijin Yashima".

1st lunar month of 1743: Mangiku performed at the Nakamuraza in the new year sogamono drama "Kado Midori Tokiwa Soga".

Fall 1743: Mangiku went back to Kamigata.

11th lunar month of 1743: Mangiku played in Ôsaka at the Ônishi no Shibai the role of Okatsu in Namiki Sôsuke's kaomise drama "Futatsu Biki Nishiki no Manmaku", which was produced by the zamoto Nakamura Jûzô I; his stage partners were Sawamura Sôjûrô I, Nakamura Tomijûrô I, Iwai Hanshirô III, Sakurayama Shirosaburô II, Nakamura Shingorô I and Arashi Shichigorô I.

11th lunar month of 1745: Sanogawa Mangiku took the name of Sanogawa Jûkichi I in Kyôto, performing in the kaomise drama "Toragoyomi Hoteibukuro".

11th lunar month of 1746: Jûkichi appeared on stage for the last time, performing in the drama "Tomi Yakata Ômu Kotoba", which was produced in Kyôto by Nakamura Kumetarô I; his stage partners were Sawamura Sôjûrô I, Anegawa Shinshirô I, Nakamura Utaemon I, Nakamura Tomijûrô I, Nakamura Shingorô I (final performance before his death), Tamiya Jûzaburô I (final performance before his death), Yamatoyama Rinzaemon I (who celebrated his shûmei) and Nakamura Kiyosaburô I.

19th day of the 7th lunar month of 1747 ^[1]: Jûkichi died in Edo.

Comments:

Sanogawa Jûkichi I was an outstanding wakaonnagata actor, excelling in budôgoto roles. He was also able to perform sometimes as a yatsushigata.

Sanogawa Jûkichi I's mon was the paulownia.

There was no other actor to hold the name of Sanogawa Mangiku in Kabuki history but the great Japanese writer Mishima Yukio had the idea to use this name for a fictitious contemporary Kabuki actor in one of his best short stories called "Onnagata".

[1] The 19th day of the 7th lunar month of the 4th year of the Enkyô era was the 24th of August 1747 in the western calendar.

[2] This drama was a shinjûmono based on the story of Chôemon and his lover Ichinojô. The 17th day of the 5th lunar month of the 3rd year of the Tenna era (the 11th of June 1683 in the western calendar), the courtesan Yamatoya Ichinojô and her lover Goze no Chôemon committed suicide together in Ôsaka. This event caused quite a stir and three Ôsaka theaters decided to capitalize on the situation by simultaneously producing the same month the first shinjûmono of Kabuki history.

Kasaya Matakurô I (left) and Sanogawa Jûkichi I (right) performing in the kaomise drama "Toragoyomi Hoteibukuro", which was staged in the 11th lunar month of 1745 in Kyôto at Hoteiya Umenojô's theater

Prints & Illustrations

Sanogawa Mangiku's big illustration

Print made by Torii Kiyotada

The Sanogawa Jûkichi line of actors